{"id":13674,"date":"2026-06-12T14:38:28","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T11:38:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/?page_id=13674"},"modified":"2026-06-12T14:38:33","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T11:38:33","slug":"taze-urunler-icin-incoterms-fob-vs-cif-vs-cfr-vs-dap-aciklamasi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/misir-urunleri-ihracat-bilgi-tabani\/taze-urunler-icin-incoterms-fob-vs-cif-vs-cfr-vs-dap-aciklamasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Taze \u00dcr\u00fcnler \u0130\u00e7in Incoterms: FOB vs CIF vs CFR vs DAP A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group kb-key-definition has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16e3011f wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-left-color:#1E3A5F;border-left-width:4px;background-color:#F4F7FA;padding-top:1.25rem;padding-right:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.25rem;padding-left:1.5rem\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Temel tan\u0131m:<\/strong> <strong>Taze \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in Incoterms<\/strong>, ta\u015f\u0131ma ve sigortay\u0131 kimin \u00f6dedi\u011fini ve mallar\u0131n riskinin sat\u0131c\u0131dan al\u0131c\u0131ya tam olarak nerede ge\u00e7ti\u011fini tan\u0131mlayan \u2014 Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 (ICC) taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan \u2014 standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 harfli ticaret kurallar\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fru Incoterm, reefer konteynerini kimin \u00f6deyece\u011fine ve so\u011fuk zincir ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131nda bozulursa zarar\u0131 kimin ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131na karar verir. Neredeyse t\u00fcm M\u0131s\u0131r meyve ve sebze ihracat\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan d\u00f6rd\u00fc <strong>FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP<\/strong>&#8216;t\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do\u011fru Incoterm&#8217;i se\u00e7mek, herhangi bir taze \u00fcr\u00fcn ihracat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki ilk kararlardan biridir. Navlunu kimin rezerve edip \u00f6deyece\u011fini, kargoyu kimin sigortalayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u2014 bozulabilir \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemlisi \u2014 sorumlulu\u011fun ihracat\u00e7\u0131dan ithalat\u00e7\u0131ya ge\u00e7ti\u011fi tam an\u0131 belirler. Bu k\u0131lavuz, M\u0131s\u0131r mango ve turun\u00e7gil sevkiyatlar\u0131ndan pratik \u00f6rneklerle, taze \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan Incoterms 2020 kurallar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"table-of-contents\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#what-are-incoterms\">Taze \u00dcr\u00fcnler \u0130\u00e7in Incoterms Nedir?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#four-incoterms-produce\">Taze \u00dcr\u00fcnler \u0130\u00e7in En \u00d6nemli D\u00f6rt Incoterm<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#incoterms-comparison-table\">Incoterms Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma Tablosu: Kim Neyi \u00d6der<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#risk-cold-chain\">Risk Transferi ve So\u011fuk Zincir<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#which-incoterm-buyer\">Bir Taze \u00dcr\u00fcn Al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Hangi Incoterm&#8217;i Kullanmal\u0131?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cif-insurance-cover\">CIF Sigortas\u0131 Asl\u0131nda Ne Kadar Kar\u015f\u0131lar?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#common-incoterms-mistakes\">\u00dcr\u00fcn Ticaretinde Yayg\u0131n Incoterms Hatalar\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#incoterms-pei-trade\">PEI Trade&#8217;de Uygulamada Incoterms<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#sources-references\">Kaynaklar ve Referanslar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-are-incoterms\">Taze \u00dcr\u00fcnler \u0130\u00e7in Incoterms Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Incoterms \u2014 <em>International Commercial Terms<\/em> ifadesinin k\u0131saltmas\u0131 \u2014 Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 (ICC) taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan on bir standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ticaret kural\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Mevcut bask\u0131 <strong>Incoterms 2020<\/strong>&#8216;dir. Her kural, uluslararas\u0131 bir sat\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyi tan\u0131mlar: ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 kimin d\u00fczenleyip \u00f6dedi\u011fi, sigortadan kimin sorumlu oldu\u011fu ve mallar\u0131n riskinin sat\u0131c\u0131dan al\u0131c\u0131ya ge\u00e7ti\u011fi kesin nokta.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Incoterms fiyat\u0131 belirle<em>mez<\/em>, mallar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetini devretmez ve sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yerini almaz. Maliyet ve riski yolculuk boyunca da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r. Taze \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in \u2014 tek bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k sapmas\u0131n\u0131n veya birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnl\u00fck gecikmenin t\u00fcm bir reefer y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc heba edebilece\u011fi yerde \u2014 risk transferi noktas\u0131 bir teknik ayr\u0131nt\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir \u015feyler ters gitti\u011finde zarar\u0131 kimin \u00fcstlenece\u011fini ve sigorta talebini kimin yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirler.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"four-incoterms-produce\">Taze \u00dcr\u00fcnler \u0130\u00e7in En \u00d6nemli D\u00f6rt Incoterm<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u0131s\u0131r meyve ve sebze ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in, d\u00f6rt <strong>taze \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in Incoterm<\/strong> s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu kapsar: <strong>FOB<\/strong>, <strong>CFR<\/strong>, <strong>CIF<\/strong> ve <strong>DAP<\/strong>. \u0130\u015fte her birinin uygulamada anlam\u0131.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fob\">FOB \u2014 Free On Board<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>FOB<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda, sat\u0131c\u0131 mallar\u0131, ihracat i\u00e7in g\u00fcmr\u00fcklenmi\u015f olarak, belirtilen y\u00fckleme liman\u0131nda geminin g\u00fcvertesinde teslim eder \u2014 M\u0131s\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in tipik olarak <em>FOB Damietta<\/em> veya <em>FOB \u0130skenderiye<\/em>. Kargo g\u00fcvertede oldu\u011fu andan itibaren risk al\u0131c\u0131ya ge\u00e7er; al\u0131c\u0131 bundan sonra deniz navlununu, sigortay\u0131 ve sonraki t\u00fcm maliyetleri d\u00fczenler ve \u00f6der. FOB, kendi navlun s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine sahip olan ve nakliye hatt\u0131n\u0131 ve program\u0131 kontrol etmek isteyen deneyimli ithalat\u00e7\u0131lara uygundur. (Not: konteynerli kargo i\u00e7in ICC teknik olarak FCA \u00f6nerir, ancak FOB \u00fcr\u00fcn ticareti genelinde i\u015fleyen standart olmaya devam eder.)<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cfr\">CFR \u2014 Cost and Freight<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>CFR<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda, sat\u0131c\u0131 mallar\u0131n maliyetini art\u0131 belirtilen var\u0131\u015f liman\u0131na kadar deniz navlununu \u00f6der. Kritik olarak, sat\u0131c\u0131 navlunu \u00f6dese de risk yine de <em>men\u015fe<\/em> liman\u0131nda, mallar g\u00fcverteye y\u00fcklendi\u011fi anda al\u0131c\u0131ya ge\u00e7er. Sigorta al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. CFR, ihracat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n nakliyeyi rezerve etmesini isteyen ancak kendi kargo teminat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeyi tercih eden bir al\u0131c\u0131ya uyar.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cif\">CIF \u2014 Cost, Insurance and Freight<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>CIF<\/strong> tam olarak CFR gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, bir ekleme ile: sat\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131ca yolculuk i\u00e7in deniz sigortas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler. Risk yine y\u00fckleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda men\u015fe liman\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. CIF, mallar\u0131, navlunu ve temel bir sigorta poli\u00e7esini kapsayan tek bir fiyat isteyen al\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131nda pop\u00fclerdir \u2014 ancak &#8220;sigortal\u0131&#8221;, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi &#8220;tamamen teminat alt\u0131nda&#8221; anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dap\">DAP \u2014 Delivered At Place<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DAP<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda, sat\u0131c\u0131 mallar\u0131 var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda belirtilen bir yere \u2014 bir liman terminali, bir da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezi veya al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n so\u011fuk deposu \u2014 teslim eder ve o noktaya kadar t\u00fcm maliyet ve riski \u00fcstlenir. Al\u0131c\u0131 ithalat g\u00fcmr\u00fcklemesini, vergileri ve har\u00e7lar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. DAP, al\u0131c\u0131ya en fazla kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar: belirtilen bir konuma tek bir teslim fiyat\u0131, ihracat\u00e7\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma riskini t\u00fcm yol boyunca ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130ki u\u00e7ta <strong>EXW<\/strong> (Ex Works) \u2014 al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n paketleme tesisi kap\u0131s\u0131nda devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve her \u015feyi y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2014 ve <strong>DDP<\/strong> (Delivered Duty Paid) \u2014 sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda tamamen g\u00fcmr\u00fcklenmi\u015f ve vergisi \u00f6denmi\u015f olarak teslim etti\u011fi \u2014 yer al\u0131r. Her ikisi de \u00fcr\u00fcn ticaretinde nadirdir: EXW yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir al\u0131c\u0131ya \u00e7ok fazla y\u00fck bindirir ve DDP, ihracat\u00e7\u0131dan yabanc\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck ve vergileri y\u00fcr\u00fctmesini ister.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce.jpg\" alt=\"Taze &#xFC;r&#xFC;nler i&#xE7;in Incoterms: paketleme tesisinden var&#x131;&#x15F; noktas&#x131;na kadar FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP kapsam&#x131;nda maliyet ve risk sorumlulu&#x11F;u\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"incoterms-comparison-table\">Incoterms Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma Tablosu: Kim Neyi \u00d6der<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes has-border-color has-palette-color-2-border-color\"><table><thead><tr><th>Incoterm<\/th><th>\u0130hracat g\u00fcmr\u00fcklemesi<\/th><th>Ana navlun<\/th><th>Sigorta<\/th><th>\u0130thalat g\u00fcmr\u00fcklemesi &amp; har\u00e7<\/th><th>Risk \u015furada ge\u00e7er<\/th><th>Tipik olarak \u015fu durumda kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>EXW<\/strong><\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n tesisi (paketleme tesisi)<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131 men\u015feden itibaren tam kontrol ister (\u00fcr\u00fcnde nadir)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>FOB<\/strong><\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Men\u015fe liman\u0131nda g\u00fcvertede<\/td><td>Kendi navlun s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine sahip deneyimli ithalat\u00e7\u0131<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CFR<\/strong><\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Men\u015fe liman\u0131nda g\u00fcvertede<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n navlunu rezerve etmesini ister ama kendini sigortalar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CIF<\/strong><\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131 (asgari teminat)<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Men\u015fe liman\u0131nda g\u00fcvertede<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131 navlun art\u0131 temel bir sigorta poli\u00e7esi ister<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>DAP<\/strong><\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131 riski \u00fcstlenir<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda belirtilen yer<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131 belirtilen bir yere teslim fiyatland\u0131rmas\u0131 ister<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>DDP<\/strong><\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131 riski \u00fcstlenir<\/td><td>Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/td><td>Var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda belirtilen yer<\/td><td>Al\u0131c\u0131 tam teslim, vergi \u00f6denmi\u015f ister (\u00fcr\u00fcnde nadir)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"risk-cold-chain\">Risk Transferi ve So\u011fuk Zincir<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Taze \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in Incoterms<\/strong> se\u00e7erken, risk transferi noktas\u0131 bozulmayan mallara g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha fazla \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. FOB, CFR ve CIF kapsam\u0131nda risk, <strong>men\u015fe liman\u0131nda<\/strong> \u2014 kolilerin g\u00fcverteye y\u00fcklendi\u011fi anda \u2014 ge\u00e7er. Bu, sat\u0131c\u0131 deniz navlununu \u00f6dese bile CFR ve CIF kapsam\u0131nda ge\u00e7erlidir. Yani bir reefer&#8217;in kompres\u00f6r\u00fc yolculu\u011fun ortas\u0131nda bozulursa veya gemi gecikip meyve spesifikasyonun \u00f6tesinde olgunla\u015f\u0131rsa, zarar \u00fc\u00e7 terimin t\u00fcm\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda <strong>al\u0131c\u0131ya<\/strong> d\u00fc\u015fer ve sigorta talebi al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n yapmas\u0131 gerekendir (veya CIF kapsam\u0131nda sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n poli\u00e7esinde kal\u0131r, ancak yaln\u0131zca s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 teminat\u0131na kadar).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaln\u0131zca <strong>DAP<\/strong> (ve DDP) kapsam\u0131nda sat\u0131c\u0131 riski var\u0131\u015f yerine kadar t\u00fcm yol boyunca ta\u015f\u0131r. Bozulabilir, y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli, zamana duyarl\u0131 bir kargo i\u00e7in bu ayr\u0131m, tahsil edilebilir bir talep ile kimin \u00f6deyece\u011fi konusunda bir tart\u0131\u015fma aras\u0131ndaki fark olabilir. Hangi Incoterm&#8217;i se\u00e7erseniz se\u00e7in, onu net so\u011fuk zincir spesifikasyonlar\u0131yla e\u015fle\u015ftirin \u2014 \u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re hedef s\u0131cakl\u0131klar ve reefer ayarlar\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/citrus-export-cold-chain-guide\/\">Turun\u00e7gil \u0130hracat\u0131 So\u011fuk Zincir K\u0131lavuzumuza<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"which-incoterm-buyer\">Bir Taze \u00dcr\u00fcn Al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Hangi Incoterm&#8217;i Kullanmal\u0131?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tek bir &#8220;en iyi&#8221; Incoterm yoktur \u2014 do\u011fru se\u00e7im, bir al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n lojistik ve riskin ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek istedi\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes has-border-color has-palette-color-2-border-color\"><table><thead><tr><th>Al\u0131c\u0131 profili<\/th><th>\u00d6nerilen Incoterm<\/th><th>Neden<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Yeni veya daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ithalat\u00e7\u0131, navlun s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yok<\/strong><\/td><td>CIF veya DAP<\/td><td>\u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131 lojisti\u011fi ve temel bir sigorta poli\u00e7esini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Kendi navlun \u00fccretlerine sahip deneyimli ithalat\u00e7\u0131<\/strong><\/td><td>FOB<\/td><td>Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 ve program kontrol\u00fc, genellikle daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck navlun maliyeti<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>So\u011fuk depoya veya DM&#8217;ye teslim isteyen al\u0131c\u0131<\/strong><\/td><td>DAP<\/td><td>Belirtilen bir yere tek teslim fiyat\u0131; ihracat\u00e7\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma riskini ta\u015f\u0131r<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Men\u015fede kargo konsolide eden al\u0131c\u0131<\/strong><\/td><td>FOB veya EXW<\/td><td>Sonraki lojistik ve konsolidasyon \u00fczerinde azami kontrol<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cif-insurance-cover\">CIF Sigortas\u0131 Asl\u0131nda Ne Kadar Kar\u015f\u0131lar?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yayg\u0131n ve maliyetli bir varsay\u0131m, CIF sigortas\u0131n\u0131n sevkiyat\u0131 tamamen korudu\u011fudur. Korumaz. Incoterms 2020 kapsam\u0131nda, bir CIF sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 yaln\u0131zca <strong>asgari teminat<\/strong> \u2014 Institute Cargo Clauses (C) \u2014 sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr, s\u00f6zle\u015fme de\u011ferinin %110&#8217;u i\u00e7in. (C) kurallar\u0131, dar bir adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f riskler listesini kapsar ve bozulabilir \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ger\u00e7ekte tehdit eden \u015feylerin \u00e7o\u011funu hari\u00e7 tutar. Ger\u00e7ek koruma isteyen al\u0131c\u0131lar tipik olarak Institute Cargo Clauses (A) (t\u00fcm riskler) talep eder ve kendi ek teminatlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler veya CFR ya da FOB&#8217;a ge\u00e7ip kargoyu kendileri sigortalarlar.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes has-border-color has-palette-color-2-border-color\"><table><thead><tr><th>Sigorta d\u00fczeyi<\/th><th>Teminat<\/th><th>Notlar<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Institute Cargo Clauses (A)<\/strong><\/td><td>En geni\u015f (t\u00fcm riskler)<\/td><td>Bozulabilir \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilir; genellikle al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenir<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Institute Cargo Clauses (B)<\/strong><\/td><td>Orta d\u00fczey adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f riskler<\/td><td>Ara se\u00e7enek<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Institute Cargo Clauses (C)<\/strong><\/td><td>Asgari adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f riskler<\/td><td>Incoterms 2020 kapsam\u0131nda CIF varsay\u0131lan\u0131<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"common-incoterms-mistakes\">\u00dcr\u00fcn Ticaretinde Yayg\u0131n Incoterms Hatalar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CFR veya CIF&#8217;in sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131ma riskini \u00fcstlendi\u011fi anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini varsaymak \u2014 \u00f6yle de\u011fildir; risk y\u00fckleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda men\u015fe liman\u0131nda ge\u00e7er.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CIF sigortas\u0131n\u0131 tam teminat olarak ele almak \u2014 bu yaln\u0131zca s\u00f6zle\u015fme de\u011ferinin %110&#8217;unda asgari Institute Cargo Clauses (C)&#8217;dir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Konteynerli kargo i\u00e7in FOB&#8217;u, riskin y\u00fckleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmeden kullanmak; ICC&#8217;nin konteynerler i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen kural\u0131 FCA&#8217;d\u0131r, ancak FOB uygulamada yayg\u0131n olmaya devam eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DAP kapsam\u0131nda belirsiz bir var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 belirtmek \u2014 son ayak ve bo\u015faltma konusundaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in her zaman tam belirtilen yeri (terminal, depo) belirtin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incoterms&#8217;in m\u00fclkiyeti devretmedi\u011fini unutmak; m\u00fclkiyet, sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ve <a href=\"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/odeme-ve-sevkiyat-sartlari\/\">\u00f6deme ko\u015fullar\u0131na<\/a> g\u00f6re ge\u00e7er.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"incoterms-pei-trade\">PEI Trade&#8217;de Uygulamada Incoterms<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PEI Trade \u00e7o\u011fu M\u0131s\u0131r mango ve turun\u00e7gil s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini <strong>FOB Damietta<\/strong> veya <strong>FOB \u0130skenderiye<\/strong>, ba\u015fl\u0131ca Avrupa ve K\u00f6rfez limanlar\u0131na <strong>CIF<\/strong> ve teslim fiyatland\u0131rmas\u0131 isteyen al\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in se\u00e7ili AB var\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131na <strong>DAP<\/strong> olarak fiyatland\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130lk kez ithalat yapanlar i\u00e7in genellikle CIF veya DAP \u00f6neririz, b\u00f6ylece lojistik ve temel teminat bizde kal\u0131r, sonra deneyimli ortaklar\u0131 kendi navlun \u00fccretlerine sahip olunca FOB&#8217;a ge\u00e7iririz. \u00dcr\u00fcne \u00f6zg\u00fc ihracat rehberli\u011fi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/misir-mango-ihracati-rehberi\/\">M\u0131s\u0131r Mango \u0130hracat K\u0131lavuzumuza<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/complete-egyptian-citrus-export-guide\/\">M\u0131s\u0131r Turun\u00e7gil \u0130hracat\u0131 Eksiksiz K\u0131lavuzumuza<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sources-references\">Kaynaklar ve Referanslar<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu k\u0131lavuz resmi Incoterms 2020 kurallar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Yetkili metin ve lisanslama i\u00e7in Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131&#8217;na bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iccwbo.org\/business-solutions\/incoterms-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 \u2014 Incoterms 2020 Kurallar\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group kb-cite-box has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16e3011f wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-left-color:#1E3A5F;border-left-width:4px;background-color:#F4F7FA;padding-top:1.25rem;padding-right:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.25rem;padding-left:1.5rem\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-to-cite-this-page\">Bu Sayfa Nas\u0131l Al\u0131nt\u0131lan\u0131r<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PEI Trade. &#8220;Taze \u00dcr\u00fcnler \u0130\u00e7in Incoterms: FOB vs CIF vs CFR vs DAP A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131.&#8221; <em>PEI Trade \u0130hracat Bilgi Taban\u0131.<\/em> https:\/\/peitrade.com\/knowledge-base\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce\/<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faq\">S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-q-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">FOB ile CIF aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>FOB kapsam\u0131nda, al\u0131c\u0131 deniz navlununu ve sigortay\u0131 d\u00fczenler ve \u00f6der ve risk, mallar men\u015fe liman\u0131nda g\u00fcverteye y\u00fcklendi\u011finde ge\u00e7er. CIF kapsam\u0131nda, sat\u0131c\u0131 navlunu art\u0131 var\u0131\u015f liman\u0131na kadar asgari deniz sigortas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6der, ancak risk yine y\u00fckleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda men\u015fe liman\u0131nda al\u0131c\u0131ya ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-q-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">CIF sigortas\u0131 sevkiyat\u0131m\u0131n tam de\u011ferini kar\u015f\u0131lar m\u0131?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Incoterms 2020 kapsam\u0131nda bir CIF sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme de\u011ferinin y\u00fczde 110&#8217;u i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca asgari teminat, Institute Cargo Clauses (C), sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bozulabilir \u00fcr\u00fcn al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 genellikle Institute Cargo Clauses (A) kapsam\u0131nda daha geni\u015f t\u00fcm riskler teminat\u0131 d\u00fczenler.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-q-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">CIF kapsam\u0131nda reefer konteynerini kim \u00f6der?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Sat\u0131c\u0131, reefer konteynerinin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren deniz navlununu \u00f6der, ancak risk y\u00fckleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda men\u015fe liman\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in so\u011fuk zincir ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131nda bozulursa riski al\u0131c\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-q-4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">M\u0131s\u0131r&#8217;dan taze \u00fcr\u00fcn ithal etmek i\u00e7in hangi Incoterm en iyisidir?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yeni ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar genellikle ihracat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n lojisti\u011fi ve temel sigortay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi i\u00e7in CIF veya DAP&#8217;\u0131 tercih eder. Kendi navlun \u00fccretlerine sahip deneyimli ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 kontrol\u00fc ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck navlun maliyeti i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla FOB&#8217;u se\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-q-5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">CFR kapsam\u0131nda risk ne zaman ge\u00e7er?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Sat\u0131c\u0131 navlunu var\u0131\u015f liman\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm yol boyunca \u00f6dese bile, mallar geminin g\u00fcvertesine y\u00fcklendi\u011finde, y\u00fckleme liman\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-q-6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Ta\u015f\u0131mada DAP ne anlama gelir?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>DAP, Delivered At Place (belirtilen yerde teslim) anlam\u0131na gelir. Sat\u0131c\u0131 mallar\u0131 belirtilen bir var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na teslim eder ve o noktaya kadar t\u00fcm maliyet ve riski \u00fcstlenirken, al\u0131c\u0131 ithalat g\u00fcmr\u00fcklemesini, vergileri ve har\u00e7lar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Taze \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: navlun ve sigortay\u0131 kimin \u00f6dedi\u011fi, riskin nerede ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ve hangi Incoterm&#8217;in M\u0131s\u0131r meyve ve sebze ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na uydu\u011fu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":13675,"parent":13650,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13674","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"mb":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce.jpg",1536,1024,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-800x533.jpg",800,533,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce.jpg",1536,1024,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce.jpg",1536,1024,false],"woocommerce_archive_thumbnail":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-600x400.jpg",600,400,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/peitrade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/incoterms-for-fresh-produce-100x100.jpg",100,100,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>Taze \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: navlun ve sigortay\u0131 kimin \u00f6dedi\u011fi, riskin nerede ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ve hangi Incoterm&#8217;in M\u0131s\u0131r meyve ve sebze ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na uydu\u011fu.<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"","author_info_v2":{"name":"PEI Trade","url":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/author\/pei-trade\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","mfb_rest_fields":["title","blocksy_meta","featured_image_urls_v2","post_excerpt_stackable_v2","category_list_v2","author_info_v2","comments_num_v2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13674"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13679,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13674\/revisions\/13679"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}