{"id":34493,"date":"2026-09-11T14:12:40","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T11:12:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/?p=34493"},"modified":"2026-10-04T16:57:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T13:57:53","slug":"incoterms-2020-egyptian-produce-exports","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/incoterms-2020-egyptian-produce-exports\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u0131s\u0131r Tar\u0131m \u00dcr\u00fcnleri \u0130hracat\u0131nda Incoterms 2020 (2026\/2027): FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP’ta Maliyet ve Risk Ger\u00e7ekte Nerede Devreder"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Mısır'daki<\/figure>\n\n

M\u0131s\u0131r Tar\u0131m \u00dcr\u00fcnleri \u0130hracat\u0131nda Incoterms 2020 (2026\/2027): FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP’ta Maliyet ve Risk Ger\u00e7ekte Nerede Devreder<\/h1>\n\n

M\u0131s\u0131r tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerindeki fiyat teklifi anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu asl\u0131nda fiyatla ilgili de\u011fildir. Fiyat\u0131n sonundaki \u00fc\u00e7 harfin hangi maliyetleri kapsamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fiyle ilgilidir. Incoterms 2020 bu soruyu kesin olarak yan\u0131tlar ve al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n daha az d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ikinci bir soruyu da yan\u0131tlar: mallar\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n riskine ge\u00e7ti\u011fi tam an. Bu iki an her zaman ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n

M\u0131s\u0131r frigorifik hacminin neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan d\u00f6rt kural<\/h2>\n\n

On bir kural vard\u0131r. Bu ticarette i\u015fi d\u00f6rd\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n

\n\n
Kural<\/th>Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6dedi\u011fi nokta<\/th>Riskin ge\u00e7ti\u011fi an<\/th>Sigorta<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n
FOB \u0130skenderiye veya Dimyat<\/td>Gemiye y\u00fckleme<\/td>Mallar gemiye y\u00fcklendi\u011finde<\/td>Al\u0131c\u0131 ayarlar<\/td><\/tr>\n
CFR var\u0131\u015f liman\u0131<\/td>Belirtilen limana kadar deniz navlunu<\/td>Mallar M\u0131s\u0131r’da gemiye y\u00fcklendi\u011finde<\/td>Al\u0131c\u0131 ayarlar<\/td><\/tr>\n
CIF var\u0131\u015f liman\u0131<\/td>Navlun art\u0131 asgari sigorta<\/td>Mallar M\u0131s\u0131r’da gemiye y\u00fcklendi\u011finde<\/td>Sat\u0131c\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131r, al\u0131c\u0131 talep eder<\/td><\/tr>\n
DAP belirtilen yer<\/td>Kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan i\u00e7 noktada teslim<\/td>Var\u0131\u015fta, bo\u015faltmaya haz\u0131r olarak<\/td>Ba\u015ftan sona sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n riski<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n

Yeni al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan sat\u0131r CFR ve CIF’tir. Sat\u0131c\u0131 navlunu Rotterdam’a veya Cebel Ali’ye kadar \u00f6der, ancak risk konteynerin gemiye y\u00fcklendi\u011fi anda M\u0131s\u0131r’dan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gemi gecikir ve meyve ya\u015flan\u0131rsa ya da bir frigorifik \u00fcnite sefer ortas\u0131nda ar\u0131zalan\u0131rsa, bu al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n takip etmesi gereken bir kay\u0131pt\u0131r, faturay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir neden de\u011fildir. Navlunun pe\u015fin \u00f6denmi\u015f olmas\u0131 risk \u00e7izgisini de\u011fi\u015ftirmez.<\/p>\n\n

Daha \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken iki kural ve daha az kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir kural<\/h2>\n\n

Konteyner gemiye kald\u0131r\u0131lmak yerine bir terminalde veya i\u00e7 depoda ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131ya teslim edildi\u011finde teknik olarak do\u011fru kural FCA’d\u0131r; Incoterms 2020, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131ya gemiye y\u00fcklendi (on-board) kon\u015fimentosu d\u00fczenlemesi talimat\u0131 verebilmesi se\u00e7ene\u011fini ekledi ve bu da akreditifle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken varsay\u0131lan olarak FOB’a ba\u015fvurman\u0131n eski gerek\u00e7esini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. CIP ise CIF’in aksine art\u0131k sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek Institute Cargo Clauses A d\u00fczeyinde sigorta yapt\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir; bu da y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli y\u00fcklerde \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n

Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken kural EXW’dir. \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131ya arac\u0131 y\u00fckleme veya mallar\u0131n ihracat g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemlerini yapma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u0131rakmaz; bu da bitki sa\u011fl\u0131k sertifikas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck beyannamesini kendi ad\u0131na tutmak zorunda olan bir y\u00fckleten i\u00e7in pratikte uygulanamaz. M\u0131s\u0131r tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde size paketleme tesisi teslim EXW teklif veren herkes, b\u00fcy\u00fcyecek bir fiyat teklif ediyordur.<\/p>\n\n

Kural\u0131n kapsamad\u0131klar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Incoterms maliyeti, riski ve mallar\u0131n g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemlerini yapma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6deme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemez, m\u00fclkiyeti devretmez, kaliteyi tan\u0131mlamaz ve var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda serbest s\u00fcre dolduktan sonra demuraj ve detention \u00fccretini kimin ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemez. Bunlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 klozlar gerekir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fey s\u0131cakl\u0131k ayar\u0131, havaland\u0131rma konumu ve veri kaydedici say\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir; bunlar fiyat sat\u0131r\u0131nda de\u011fil, spesifikasyonda yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Geri kalan\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu iki belge \u00e7\u00f6zer. M\u0131s\u0131r tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde ihracat belgeleri<\/a> rehberimiz bitki sa\u011fl\u0131k sertifikas\u0131ndan kon\u015fimentoya kadar tam seti listeler; deniz navlunu teklifini okumak<\/a> notumuz ise ek \u00fccretler geri eklendi\u011finde bir CFR rakam\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte neleri i\u00e7erdi\u011fini ayr\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Teslim \u015feklini tart\u0131\u015fmaya yer b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde yazmak<\/h2>\n\n

Kural\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131n, yeri bir noktay\u0131 tan\u0131mlayacak kadar kesin bi\u00e7imde adland\u0131r\u0131n ve bask\u0131y\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131n. FOB \u0130skenderiye, Incoterms 2020 eksiksizdir. FOB M\u0131s\u0131r ise de\u011fildir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n d\u00f6rt aktif frigorifik liman\u0131 vard\u0131r ve terminal \u00fccretleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r. DAP i\u00e7in \u015fehri de\u011fil, teslim adresini belirtin. CIF i\u00e7in sigorta bedelini ve bunun fatura de\u011feri art\u0131 y\u00fczde on olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtin.<\/p>\n\n

Teklifi iki \u015fekilde de isteyin<\/h2>\n\n

\u0130lk sevkiyatta FOB ve CFR’yi yan yana istemeye de\u011fer. Fark navlun bile\u015fenidir ve bunu ayr\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmek, kendi forwarder’\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n o hatta bunu ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fini size s\u00f6yler. PEI Trade; K\u00f6rfez, AB, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, Rusya ve Asya pazarlar\u0131 i\u00e7in FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP ko\u015fullar\u0131nda teklif verir. \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fc, hacmi ve var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131 WhatsApp +20 10 9911 1918 \u00fczerinden ihracat masam\u0131za g\u00f6nderin; ayn\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc birden fazla teslim \u015fekline g\u00f6re fiyatland\u0131ral\u0131m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u0131s\u0131r taze \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in Incoterms 2020’nin pratik bir okumas\u0131: hangi kurallar frigorifik y\u00fcke uygundur, FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP’ta risk nerede ge\u00e7er ve bir konteyner gecikti\u011finde kimin \u00f6deyece\u011fini belirleyen klozlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2641],"tags":[2602,2603,2662,2600,2584],"class_list":["post-34493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-trade-market-access","tag-cif","tag-dap","tag-export-contracts","tag-fob","tag-incoterms-2020"],"mb":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","woocommerce_archive_thumbnail":"","woocommerce_thumbnail":"","woocommerce_single":"","woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":""},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"

M\u0131s\u0131r taze \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in Incoterms 2020’nin pratik bir okumas\u0131: hangi kurallar frigorifik y\u00fcke uygundur, FOB, CFR, CIF ve DAP’ta risk nerede ge\u00e7er ve bir konteyner gecikti\u011finde kimin \u00f6deyece\u011fini belirleyen klozlar.<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Trade and Market Access<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"claude-agent","url":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/author\/claude-agent\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","mfb_rest_fields":["title","blocksy_meta","featured_image_urls_v2","post_excerpt_stackable_v2","category_list_v2","author_info_v2","comments_num_v2","jetpack_publicize_connections","jetpack_featured_media_url"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34493"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34509,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34493\/revisions\/34509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peitrade.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}